March 4, 2026

Wuppertal Municipal Utilities Case Study: Reactivation Using Sustainable Coconut-Shell-Based Make-Up Carbon

Carbon 101, Product, Sustainability, Water TreatmentBy Jacobi Carbons March 4, 2026

From coal based activated carbon to coconut shell, learn how three water treatment plants made the sustainable choice.

img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px}.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square:1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3:4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4:3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2:3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3:2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9:16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16:9/16;--wp--preset--color--black:#000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--accent:#f60;--wp--preset--color--dark-gray:#111;--wp--preset--color--light-gray:#767676;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#0693e3 0%,#9b51e0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4 0%,#00d082 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,#fcb900 0%,#ff6900 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,#ff6900 0%,#cf2e2e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee 0%,#a9b8c3 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc 0%,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec 0%,#9896f0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5 0%,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70 0%,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb 0%,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880 0%,#71ce7e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381 0%,#2874fc 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px #fff,6px 6px #000;--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px #000}:where(body){margin:0}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap:.5em}body .is-layout-flex{display:flex}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}.is-layout-flex>:is(*, div){margin:0}body .is-layout-grid{display:grid}.is-layout-grid>:is(*, div){margin:0}body{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color:#32373c;border-width:0;color:#fff;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;padding-top:calc(.667em + 2px);padding-right:calc(1.333em + 2px);padding-bottom:calc(.667em + 2px);padding-left:calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none;text-transform:inherit}.has-black-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-accent-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--accent) !important}.has-dark-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray) !important}.has-light-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-gray) !important}.has-black-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-accent-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--accent) !important}.has-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray) !important}.has-light-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-gray) !important}.has-black-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-accent-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--accent) !important}.has-dark-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray) !important}.has-light-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-gray) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important}.has-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important}.has-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important}:root :where(.wp-block-icon svg){width:24px}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-term-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-term-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap:2em}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6}.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-sub-menu,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions a{border-color:#cdcdcd}.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions a,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-sub-menu a,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-sub-menu a:link,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions li:not(.wpml-ls-current-language) .wpml-ls-link,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions li:not(.wpml-ls-current-language) .wpml-ls-link:link{color:#444;background-color:#fff}.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-sub-menu a:hover,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-sub-menu a:focus,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-sub-menu a:link:hover,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-sub-menu a:link:focus{color:#000;background-color:#eee}.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-current-language>a{color:#444;background-color:#fff}.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-current-language:hover>a,.wpml-ls-statics-shortcode_actions .wpml-ls-current-language>a:focus{color:#000;background-color:#eee}body #load{display:block;height:100%;overflow:hidden;position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:9901;opacity:1;visibility:visible;transition:all .35s ease-out}.load-wrap{width:100%;height:100%;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;text-align:center;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-ms-flex;display:flex;-ms-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-flow:column wrap;flex-flow:column wrap;-ms-flex-pack:center;-ms-justify-content:center;justify-content:center}.load-wrap>svg{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}#load{background:var(--the7-elementor-beautiful-loading-bg,#fff);--the7-beautiful-spinner-color2:var(--the7-beautiful-spinner-color,#b1b1b1)}.pl-tickercnt{border:1px solid #77787b !important}.pl-ticker-title.pl-ltr{width:90px !important;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:1px}.pl-bx-controls.pl-bx-has-controls-direction .pl-bx-controls-direction{background:#58585a;border-left:1px solid #77787b;right:0 !important;color:#838587;margin:0 !important}.customSelectInner{text-transform:uppercase !important}.soc-ico{margin-left:40px !important}.soc-ico a{background:#000 !important;color:#f60 !important}.pl-tickercnt a{text-decoration:none !important}#footer .wf-wrap .wf-container-footer{padding-top:50px}#footer .wf-wrap .wf-container-footer .textwidget p{font-style:italic}#bottom-bar .wf-td{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:2px;color:#b2b2b2;font-weight:400;font-size:13px}#bottom-bar .wf-td .bottom-text-block img{padding:.5em}#bottom-bar{padding:10px 0}.footer .wf-wrap .custom-menu a{color:#ccc}.footer .footer-form input[type="submit"]{border-radius:0;font-weight:500px;font-size:14px}.footer .wf-wrap .custom-menu li.act>a{color:#d4d4d4 !important}.transparent-pie .vc_pie_wrapper span{font-size:100px !important;letter-spacing:-5px;font-weight:bold}.wpb_wrapper h1{font-weight:400;font-size:42px}a#dt-btn-1.btn-shortcode.dt-btn-m.dt-btn.default-btn-color.default-btn-hover-color.default-btn-bg-color.default-btn-bg-hover-color.ico-right-side span{font-weight:bold;font-size:20px}a#dt-btn-1.btn-shortcode.dt-btn-m.dt-btn.default-btn-color.default-btn-hover-color.default-btn-bg-color.default-btn-bg-hover-color.ico-right-side{padding:1em 1.5em}.featherlight-content{}.featherlight-content h3{font-weight:700;padding-top:1em;color:#777;font-size:22px}.custom-container1 .vc_col-sm-3{margin-bottom:1em !important}.contactpage-globe{width:20%;float:left;margin-right:5%;margin-bottom:2em}.contactpage-globe img{max-width:100%;width:100%}.vc_custom_1475615238115 h2{font-weight:600;font-size:42px}.post .entry-title a{font-weight:600 !important;color:#525252 !important}.entry-meta,.entry-meta a,.entry-meta .entry-date,.entry-meta .fn{font-style:italic;color:#757575 !important}.aio-icon{background:none;color:#4c4c4c !important}.aio-icon:hover{background:#4c4c4c !important;color:#fff !important}.vc_custom_1475508259071 h2 span{color:#a08c49}.vc_custom_1475508259071 .wpb_text_column.wpb_content_element p{font-weight:300;color:#aaa}.vc_custom_1475508259071 .wpb_content_element{margin-bottom:5px}.page-title h1{color:#777 !important}.footer .widget-title{border-bottom:1px solid #797979}.menu-item.menu-item-type-custom.menu-item-object-custom{color:#000}#gform_168 .gform_description{font-family:"Noto Sans",Helvetica,Arial,Verdana,sans-serif;font-size:10pt}ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1px}ul#gform_fields_168 li ul{position:relative}li#field_168_20{color:white;font-family:"Noto Sans",Helvetica,Arial,Verdana,sans-serif;font-size:10pt}ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield .ginput_container{margin-top:0}ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield input,ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield textarea,ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield select{border:none;padding:5px 4px 5px 20px;background:rgba(153,153,153,1);margin-bottom:6px;color:white}ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield select{padding:5px 4px 5px 16px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important}#input_168_21{position:relative}#input_168_21_6_container::after{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border-left:7px solid transparent;border-right:7px solid transparent;border-top:7px solid rgba(76,76,76,.7);position:absolute;top:calc(50% - 6px);right:10px;z-index:999}ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield textarea{padding:10px 4px 5px 20px;width:100%;height:130px;max-height:130px;position:absolute;bottom:-110px}#field_168_4{position:relative}#input_168_4{height:127px}#input_168_21_6_container{width:100%;padding:0;margin:0}li#field_168_20{display:none}#input_168_21_6 option{padding:0}ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield input::placeholder,ul#gform_fields_168 li.gfield textarea::placeholder,#input_168_21_6{color:white;font-family:"Noto Sans",Helvetica,Arial,Verdana,sans-serif;font-size:10pt}#gform_168 .gform_footer input{background:#f60;border:none;margin:0}#gform_168 .gform_footer{width:120px;display:table;text-align:right;margin:0 0 0 auto;padding:0}#gform_168 .gform_description{color:#aeaeae;letter-spacing:normal !important}#main-slideshow{margin-top:50px;margin-bottom:-50px}.italic-serif{font-style:italic !important}.footer .wf-wrap .custom-menu a{color:rgba(255,255,255,1) !important}.footer .widget-title{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,1)}.wf-container-main{padding-top:50px !important}.grecaptcha-badge{visibility:hidden}.scroll-top{left:10px;right:auto}.caption-line{line-height:12px !important}.entry-title.h6-size,.dt-accordion-h6-size .wpb_accordion_header>a{font-size:15px !important;font-family:Noto Sans !important;font-weight:600 !important}.sidebar .widget,.widget_product_categories li a,.widget .st-accordion li>a,ul.cart_list li a,ul.product_list_widget li a,.sidebar-content .widget,.elementor-widget-sidebar .widget,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_recently_viewed_products,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_recent_reviews,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_product_categories,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_top_rated_products,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_widget_cart,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_price_filter,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_layered_nav,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_products,.elementor-widget-woocommerce-products,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_layered_nav_filters,.elementor-widget-wp-widget-woocommerce_rating_filter{font:14px/24px "Noto Sans";letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:UPPERCASE}.dt-sticky-sidebar{background-color:#fff !important}.accordion-caption-jsa{font-size:12px !important;font-family:Noto Sans !important;line-height:18px !important;font-weight:800 !important}@media screen and (min-width: 340px){.jsa-spaced-title{font-size:17px !important;letter-spacing:1.5px !important}}.jsa-spaced-title{letter-spacing:2px}@media screen and (min-width: 340px){.jsa-strapline{line-height:1 !important}}#page [data-vc-full-width-init="true"] .upb_row_bg{width:100vw !important;left:0 !important}.jce-caption{line-height:1.5 !important;font-family:Noto Sans !important}.top-line-space{height:122px !important}.search-results .entry-meta{display:none}.eg-spaced-title{letter-spacing:1px !important}.strapline rs-layer{font-family:"Oswald",sans-serif !important}@media (max-width: 768px){.header-bar-wrap .mini-widgets .search-widget,.mobile-nav-wrap .search-widget .mobile-mini-widgets{display:none !important}}